While learning disorders are being diagnosed earlier and earlier
nowadays, sometimes certain cases still slip through the cracks. This is
unfortunate, since the sooner a problem is identified, the sooner it
can be dealt with. However, it's always better to know that an issue
exists than to never know, so if this is what's happened with your
family, keep in mind that there are still plenty of treatment options
available to your child. Of course, the first step is figuring out
whether or not your child has a learning problem, and if so, which one.
Below, you'll find a list of symptoms grouped by disability type:
Dyslexia: Teenagers and adults who have yet to be diagnosed with
dyslexia may have considerable difficulty with spelling. This may be
demonstrated by spelling the same word multiple ways within the same
essay. Those with dyslexia often rely heavily on phonetics when trying
to spell a word. They may also write their letters or punctuation marks
incorrectly (backwards, upside down, etc.) or put them in the wrong
order.
Dyscalculia: People who don't know that they have dyscalculia may
still have extreme difficulty with basic mathematical principles and
practices, such as addition and subtraction. They may have trouble
dealing with number sequences, columns of numbers, and mathematical
symbols. Other common signs of dyscalculia include overreliance on
calculators and confusion with left and right.
Dysgraphia: Those with dysgraphia have a hard time writing or
drawing within a defined space, like a piece of lined paper. This is due
to poor development of fine motor skills. Another symptom of dysgraphia
is illegible handwriting, which isn't due to carelessness, but instead
indicates a difficulty with handling a pen or a pencil. Audio and Visual
Perception Disabilities: If your child often has to ask you to repeat
yourself, it may be a sign that they have an audio perception problem.
It's not that he or she isn't listening carefully enough to you, it's
that their brain is unable to sort out which sound or tone to interpret
first. Those with visual perception problems may transpose letters,
punctuation marks, numbers, and mathematical symbols. Once again, this
is an issue of sequencing malfunction in the brain, not lack of
attention.
Memory Disabilities: These can manifest themselves in different
ways. One common symptom is the inability to retain information that has
just been relayed. For example, if your child can't remember a passage
that they have just finished reading, they may continue to reread that
passage over and over again. This indicates a problem with short-term
memory. Long-term memory problems may announce themselves through
difficulties with retrieving information. For instance, if your child
can't recall the mathematical formula that allows them to calculate the circumference of a circle, long-term memory problems are at fault. Of
course, the two are related, since if a piece of information doesn't
stick in your short-term memory, it won't make it to your long-term
memory either.
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